March 26, 2025

The Inequality of Labor and Health Risks: A Probability-Impact Perspective

This study decomposes the risk of labor and health shocks into their likelihood and impact. Using machine learning techniques and anonymous data on millions of Dutch people, we map out the entire likelihood and impact distributions. These turn out to be positively correlated, revealing an even greater risk inequality than was previously known.
woman with umbrella on a windy beach

We uncover multiple ways in which increased shock incidence and impact enhance one another. This stresses the vulnerability of groups where risks concentrate. Our findings facilitate proactive policies and further indicate their positive spillovers.

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