The increasing importance of global supply chains has prompted the use of analytical tools based on trade in value added – instead of traditional measures in gross value. →
If the EU stands alone in adopting climate policy and imposes a strict emissions ceiling, competitiveness of EU energy-intensive sectors will be affected negatively. →
WorldScan is a recursively dynamic general equilibrium model for the world economy, developed for the analysis of long-term issues in international economics. →
This memorandum assesses the extent to which import duties collected in the Netherlands are borne by customers abroad and to assess tariff incidence on final demand in the Netherlands vis-à-vis incidence elsewhere. →